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ASHRAE 90.1-2019: Energy Efficiency Standard for Buildings - Free PDF Download
ASHRAE 90.1-2019: What You Need to Know
Introduction
If you are involved in the design, construction, or operation of commercial buildings, you have probably heard of ASHRAE 90.1, the energy standard for buildings except low-rise residential buildings. This standard provides the minimum requirements for energy-efficient design and performance of most sites and buildings, and it is widely adopted by state and local jurisdictions as the basis for their energy codes.
ashrae 90.1 pdf 2019 free download
In 2019, ASHRAE published the latest edition of this standard, which incorporates more than 100 changes from the previous version in 2016. These changes reflect the latest advancements in technology, research, and best practices in the industry, and aim to achieve higher levels of energy efficiency and environmental performance.
In this article, we will give you an overview of what ASHRAE 90.1-2019 is, why it is important, how to comply with it, what are the main changes from the previous version, and what are the benefits of following this standard.
What is ASHRAE 90.1-2019?
ASHRAE 90.1-2019 is an American National Standard (ANS) developed by ASHRAE and jointly sponsored by the Illuminating Engineering Society (IES). It is a voluntary consensus standard that provides the minimum requirements for energy-efficient design of most sites and buildings, except low-rise residential buildings (i.e., single-family homes, multi-family buildings less than four stories high, mobile homes, and modular homes).
The standard covers various aspects of building design and operation, such as administrative and enforcement, commissioning, building envelope, lighting, mechanical systems, service water heating, power distribution, renewable energy systems, and performance rating methods. It also provides criteria for determining compliance with these requirements using either a prescriptive approach or a performance approach.
The standard is updated periodically to reflect the latest developments in technology, research, and industry practices. The previous editions were published in 1975, 1980, 1989, 1999, 2001, 2004, 2007, 2010, 2013, and 2016. The current edition was published in October 2019 and incorporates over 80 addenda to the 2016 edition.
Why is ASHRAE 90.1-2019 important?
ASHRAE 90.1-2019 is important because it sets the minimum level of energy efficiency that commercial buildings should achieve in order to reduce their energy consumption and environmental impact. By following this standard, building owners and operators can benefit from lower energy bills, improved indoor comfort and air quality, enhanced occupant productivity and satisfaction, increased asset value and marketability, reduced greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels, and compliance with local codes and regulations.
ASHRAE 90.1-2019 is also important because it serves as a reference standard for many other codes and standards related to building energy efficiency. For example:
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ASHRAE 90.1 PDF 2019 free download
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ASHRAE standard for buildings except low-rise residential buildings (ASHRAE/IES Standard) - ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Addendum p to ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard PDF
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It is the commercial building reference standard for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), which reviews each edition of the standard to determine whether it improves energy efficiency compared to the previous edition. If DOE determines that a new edition improves energy efficiency by a significant amount (usually at least 10%), then it issues a rulemaking that requires states to update their commercial building energy codes to meet or exceed the new edition within two years.
It is the basis for many state and local energy codes that regulate the design and construction of commercial buildings. According to the DOE rulemaking, states must adopt the latest edition of ASHRAE 90.1 or an equivalent or more stringent standard for their commercial building energy codes. As of June 2021, 23 states have adopted ASHRAE 90.1-2016 or later, 13 states have adopted ASHRAE 90.1-2013, and 14 states have adopted older versions or no statewide code.
It is the reference standard for many green building rating systems and certification programs, such as LEED, Green Globes, ENERGY STAR, and Zero Energy Ready Buildings. These programs use ASHRAE 90.1 as a baseline for measuring and rewarding the energy performance of commercial buildings.
Therefore, ASHRAE 90.1-2019 is a key document that influences the design and construction of commercial buildings across the U.S. and beyond.
How to comply with ASHRAE 90.1-2019?
To comply with ASHRAE 90.1-2019, building designers and contractors must follow the requirements and procedures specified in the standard for each aspect of building design and operation. The standard offers two main methods for demonstrating compliance: the prescriptive method and the performance method.
The prescriptive method involves following a set of specific requirements for each building component and system, such as insulation levels, window properties, lighting power densities, equipment efficiencies, and control strategies. The prescriptive method is simpler and more straightforward than the performance method, but it may not allow for much flexibility or innovation in design.
The performance method involves using a computer simulation to compare the energy performance of the proposed building design with that of a baseline building design that meets the minimum prescriptive requirements of the standard. The performance method allows for more flexibility and creativity in design, but it requires more expertise and documentation than the prescriptive method.
Both methods require that the building design be verified by a qualified professional, such as an engineer or an architect, who can certify that the design meets or exceeds the requirements of the standard. The standard also requires that the building be commissioned by a qualified commissioning authority, who can ensure that the building systems are installed, tested, and operated according to the design intent and specifications.
Main Changes in ASHRAE 90.1-2019
ASHRAE 90.1-2019 incorporates more than 100 changes from the previous edition in 2016. These changes affect various sections of the standard, such as administration and enforcement, building envelope, lighting, mechanical systems, service water heating, power distribution, renewable energy systems, and performance rating methods. Some of the most significant changes are summarized below:
Administration and Enforcement
The standard clarifies that it applies to new buildings and their systems, new portions of buildings and their systems, and new systems and equipment in existing buildings.
The standard adds a new section on outcome-based compliance paths, which allows for alternative methods of demonstrating compliance based on actual energy use data collected after occupancy.
The standard adds a new appendix on normative references, which lists all the standards and documents that are referenced in ASHRAE 90.1-2019.
Building Envelope
The standard updates the climate zone map to reflect the latest data fr